Can I Sync Devices With Different Apple IDs?

Edited

Yes, since our release of Structured Cloud, it is possible to sync data between Apple devices running under different Apple IDs.

If you use two devices running under different Apple IDs, e.g. your personal iPhone and a Mac for work, you cannot use iCloud sync to sync your devices. However, you can enable the Structured Cloud sync, which is also a free feature. You can learn how to sync your devices with Structured Cloud here.